Important contaminants  in water 

Contaminants & Reason for Importance
Suspended solids:  Suspended solids can lead to the development of sludge    deposits and anaerobic conditions when untreated waste water is discharged in the aquatic environment.

Biodegradable organics: Composed principally of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats, biodegradable organics are measured most commonly in terms of BOD( biochemical oxygen demand ) and COD ( chemical oxygen demand). If discharged untreated to the environment, their biological stabilization can lead to the depletion of natural oxygen resources and to the development of septic conditions.

Pathogens :Communicable diseases can be transmitted by the pathogenic organisms in wastewater.

Nutrients:Both nitrogen and phosphorus, along with carbon, are essential nutrients for growth. When discharged to the aquatic environment, these nutrients can lead to the growth of undesirable aquatic life. When discharged in excessive amounts on land, they can also lead to the pollution of groundwater.

Priority Pollutants:Organic and inorganic compounds selected on the basis of    their known or suspected carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, tetratogenicity, or high acute toxicity. Many of these compounds are found in wastewater.

Refractory  organics: These organics tend to resist conventional methods of waste water treatment. Typical examples include surfactants, phenol and agricultural pesticides.

Heavy metals :Heavy metals are usually added to the wastewater from        Commercial and Industrial activities and may have to be removed if the wastewater is to be reused.

Dissolved  inorganics:   Inorganic constituents such as calcium, sodium, and sulphates are added to the original domestic water supply as a result of water use and may have to be removed if the wastewater is to be reused.                                    

CONSULTING ORGANIZATIONS IN EFFLUENT/WATER TREATMENT .

1.    AIC Watson Consultants Limited.
       133, Udyog Bhawan , Sonawala Road ,
       Goregaon (East) , Mumbai - 400 063. INDIA
        Fax : +91-22-871 7133
        Email : [email protected]

2.    TATA CONSULTING ENGINEERS
        34 , Saint Tukaram Road ,
        Carnac , Mumbai - 400 009 . INDIA
        Fax : +91-22-342 7419

3.    Ion Exchange (India) Limited .
       Tiecicon House , Dr. E. Moses Road ,
       Mahalaxmi , Mumbai - 400 011 , INDIA . 
       Fax : +91-22-493 8737
       Email : [email protected]

4.    Jacobs H&G Limited
        Geeta Theatre Building , III^rd Floor ,
        Dr. E. Moses Road , Worli Naka ,
        Mumbai - 400 018.   INDIA  .
        Fax : +91-22-495 4602
        Email : [email protected]

5.     Shah Technical Consultants Private Limited .
        407 , Raheja Centre , Nariman Point , 
        Mumbai - 400 021 , INDIA .
        Fax : +91-22-202 3714 
        Email : [email protected]